Seemingly always at the forefront of European politics, Berlin has endured a tumultuous past. Wars in particular exacted a heavy toll, and it's estimated that World War II destroyed 80% of the city. The Cold War's cruelest symbol, the Berlin Wall, fell in 1989, reuniting a city and people divided for four decades. Indeed, cloak-and-dagger Berlin was replaced by one of Europe's - and the world's - cultural, political and economic leaders. Berlin is, on the whole, a vibrant, culturally inviting city offering a wealth of attractions. It's also visually appealing with ample greenery and scenic lakes. First-time visitors should stop by the famous Brandenburg Gate, Checkpoint Charlie Museum, Frederick the Great's Sanssouci Palace, and the impressive Dahlem Museum. Berlin is also famous for its raucous nightlife. West Berlin - and increasingly East Berlin - is replete with trendy cafés and hopping nightclubs.